Francesco Maria de' Medici, Duke of Rovere and Montefeltro, Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, Electress Palatine, Genealogical tables of the House of Medici, Medici family tree § Medici family tree (Grand Dukes of Tuscany), "Cosimo de Medici e l'amore per le tartarughe con la vela", "Medici Family – – Encyclopædia Britannica", "Robust Action and the Rise of the Medici, 1400–1434", "Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici – Electress Palatine", Florence Journal; Where the Bodies Are Buried, Modern-Day Medici Feud, Alan Feuer, New York Times, May 4, 2004, "The Medici balls: Origins of the family's coat of arms", Prince Ottaviano de' Medici: Solving a 417-year-old murder mystery (May 4, 2004), Medici Family Tree, featuring portraits and bios of key members of the Medici Dynasty, 1400–1737, https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=House_of_Medici&oldid=999589767, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles containing Italian-language text, Articles with unsourced statements from June 2020, Articles containing explicitly cited English-language text, Wikipedia articles with WORLDCATID identifiers, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License, By Medico, Castellan of Potrone, considered the first ancestor of the house, Eldest son of Lorenzo the Magnificent. balsamo, cura, medicina. The Medici produced four Popes of the Catholic Church—Pope Leo X (1513–1521), Pope Clement VII (1523–1534), Pope Pius IV (1559–1565)[4] and Pope Leo XI (1605)—and two queens of France—Catherine de' Medici (1547–1589) and Marie de' Medici (1600–1630). Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici, the first patron of the arts in the family, aided Masaccio and commissioned Filippo Brunelleschi for the reconstruction of the Basilica of San Lorenzo, Florence, in 1419. Perhaps God wills that this war, which began in the blood of my brother and of myself, should be ended by any means. Maria Maddelana's temperament was analogous to Christina's, and together they aligned Tuscany with the papacy, re-doubled the Tuscan clergy, and allowed the heresy trial of Galileo Galilei to occur. The Medici became the city's leading family, a position they would hold for the next three centuries. The Medici were responsible for a high proportion of the major Florentine works of art created during their period of rule. Clement VII's tumultuous pontificate was dominated by a rapid succession of political crises – many long in the making – that resulted in the sack of Rome by the armies of Holy Roman Emperor Charles V in 1527 and rise of the Salviati, Altoviti and Strozzi as the leading bankers of the Roman Curie. She lived the rest of her life deprived of any political influence. She occupied herself with financing and overseeing the construction of the Basilica of San Lorenzo, started in 1604 by Ferdinando I, at a cost to the state of 1,000 crowns per week.[48]. Through Marie, all succeeding French monarchs (bar the Napoleons) were descended from Francesco. On 4 April 1718, Great Britain, France and the Dutch Republic (also later, Austria) selected Don Carlos of Spain, the elder child of Elisabeth Farnese and Philip V of Spain, as the Tuscan heir. In 15th-century Renaissance Florence, the visionary Medici dynasty flexes its power in politics and the arts, risking its rivals' lethal opposition. [55] Marie de' Medici, widow of Henry IV of France and mother of Louis XIII, is the subject of a commissioned cycle of paintings known as the Marie de' Medici cycle, painted for the Luxembourg Palace by court painter Peter Paul Rubens in 1622–23. The most likely theories, however, are that the balls originally represent coins copied from the coat of arms of the Guild of Moneychangers (Arte del Cambio) to which the Medici belonged. The greatest accomplishments of the Medici were in the sponsorship of art and architecture, mainly early and High Renaissance art and architecture. [54] Eleanor of Toledo, a princess of Spain and wife of Cosimo I the Great, purchased the Pitti Palace from Buonaccorso Pitti in 1550. [47], The "Lorrainers", as the occupying forces were called, were popularly loathed, but the regent, the Prince de Craon, allowed the electress to live unperturbed in the Palazzo Pitti. The Medici family was connected to most other elite families of the time through marriages of convenience, partnerships, or employment, so the family had a central position in the social network: several families had systematic access to the rest of the elite families only through the Medici, perhaps similar to banking relationships. [70], Coat of Arms of the Grand-Duke of Tuscany, Coat of Arms of Catherine of Medici, as Queen of France, Coat of Arms of Maria of Medici, as Queen of France, Coat of arms of the Grand Duchy of Tuscany (1562-1737), "Medicis" redirects here. Ferdinando's successor, Cosimo II, reigned for less than 12 years. A political family drama set in Florence in the early fifteenth century. Vi fandt 74 synonymer for medicin.Se nedenfor hvad medicin betyder og hvordan det bruges på dansk. Later, in Rome, the Medici popes continued in the family tradition of patronizing artists in Rome. Medici is the plural of medico, meaning "medical doctor". [31] Harold Acton, an Anglo-Italian historian, ascribed the decline of Tuscany to the Turtici regency. In the dangerous circumstances in which our city is placed, the time for deliberation is past. In 1736, following the War of the Polish Succession, Don Carlos was disbarred from Tuscany, and Francis III of Lorraine was made heir in his stead. After this, Lorenzo adopted his brother's illegitimate son Giulio de' Medici (1478–1535), the future Pope Clement VII. Does English Have More Words Than Any Other Language? Second son of Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany. That shield was red strewn with Byzantine coins (bezants). Eldest son of Ferdinando II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany. The electress donated much of her fortune to charity: £4,000 a month. Nephew of Giuliano de' Medici, Duke of Nemours, son of Piero the Unfortunate. Both also served as de facto political rulers of Rome, Florence, and large swaths of Italy known as the Papal States. He died the same month, but his successor, Pope Paul V, was also pro-Medici. In 1530, after allying himself with Charles V, Pope Clement VII succeeded in securing the engagement of Charles V's daughter Margeret of Austria to his illegitimate nephew (reputedly his son) Alessandro de' Medici. Gian Gastone despised the electress for engineering his catastrophic marriage to Anna Maria Franziska of Saxe-Lauenburg; while she abhorred her brother's liberal policies, he repealed all of his father's anti-Semitic statutes. Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici (c. 1360–1429), son of Averardo de' Medici (1320–1363), increased the wealth of the family through his creation of the Medici Bank, and became one of the richest men in the city of Florence. The table below shows the origins of the Medici: This extract shows the branch that gave rise to the celebrated branch of the Medici descending from Giovanni "di Bicci", who founded the Medici fortunes: This is the branch of Cosimo's brother, Lorenzo, called the "Popolano" Branch, which gave rise to the Grand-Dukes of Tuscany: The origin of the Medici coat of arms is not recorded. [33], Tuscany participated in the Wars of Castro (the last time Medicean Tuscany proper was involved in a conflict) and inflicted a defeat on the forces of Pope Urban VIII in 1643. Elke kamer beschikt tevens over een minibar en koffie- en theefaciliteiten. Although none of the Medici themselves were scientists, the family is well known to have been the patrons of the famous Galileo Galilei, who tutored multiple generations of Medici children and was an important figurehead for his patron's quest for power. Brother of Francesco I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, son of Cosimo I de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany. In addition to commissions for art and architecture, the Medici were prolific collectors and today their acquisitions form the core of the Uffizi museum in Florence. [43] On 25 October, 1731, a Spanish detachment occupied Florence on behalf of Don Carlos, who disembarked in Tuscany in December of the same year. Due to his illness, he mostly stayed at home bedridden, and therefore did little to further the Medici control of Florence while in power. [citation needed], The Medici additionally benefited from the discovery of vast deposits of alum in Tolfa in 1461. All Free. [34], Ferdinando died on 23 May 1670 afflicted by apoplexy and dropsy. Cosimo in turn patronized Vasari, who erected the Uffizi Gallery in 1560 and founded the Accademia delle Arti del Disegno – ("Academy of the Arts of Drawing") in 1563. Medici: Medici; English. Henry explicitly stated that he would defend Tuscany from Spanish aggression, but later reneged, after which Ferdinando was forced to marry his heir, Cosimo, to Maria Maddalena of Austria to assuage Spain (where Maria Maddalena's sister Margaret was the incumbent Queen consort). Wij kijken er alvast naar uit jullie te mogen verwelkomen. [67][68] The number of balls also varied with time, as shown below. This led to the transfer of Medici blood, through Catherine's daughters, to the royal family of Spain through Elisabeth of Valois, and the House of Lorraine through Claude of Valois. [28] Cosimo died of consumption (tuberculosis) in 1621. Medici - WordReference English dictionary, questions, discussion and forums. With this intention I now go. Golden Tulip de' Medici biedt kamers met airconditioning, een zithoek en een flatscreen-tv. The family's influence grew with its patronage of wealth, art, and culture. In collaboration with the Holy Roman Emperor and Grand Duke Francis of Lorraine, she willed all the personal property of the Medici to the Tuscan state, provided that nothing was ever removed from Florence. Spletna stran slovenskih sinonimov je projekt, ki stremi k izboljšanju uporabnikovega besednega zaklada. The Medici family have claimed to have funded the invention of the piano and opera, financed the construction of Saint Peter's Basilica and Santa Maria del Fiore, and were patrons of Brunelleschi, Botticelli, Leonardo da Vinci, Michelangelo, Raphael, Machiavelli, Galileo and Francesco Redi among many others in the arts and sciences. Upon Vittoria's death in 1694, her allodial possessions, the Duchies of Rovere and Montefeltro, passed to her younger son. As a consequence, the grand duchy expired and the territory became a secundogeniture of the Habsburg-Lorraine dynasty. The main challengers to the Albizzi family were the Medici, first under Giovanni di Bicci de' Medici, later under his son Cosimo di Giovanni de' Medici and great-grandson, Lorenzo de' Medici. The first grand duke of the new dynasty, Francis I, was a great-great-great-grandson of Francesco I de' Medici, thus he continued the Medicean Dynasty on the throne of Tuscany through the female line. Duchess Violante of Bavaria, Gian Gastone's sister-in-law, tried to withdraw the grand duke from the sphere of influence of the Ruspanti by organising banquets. Alum is essential as a mordant in the dyeing of certain cloths and was used extensively in Florence, where the main industry was textile manufacturing. Cosimo (the "Elder" not to be confused with Cosimo I) and his father started the Medici foundations in banking and manufacturing – including a form of franchises. [44] Following a sprained ankle in 1731, he remained confined to his bed for the rest of his life. In reward, Charlemagne is said to have rewarded Averardo with the shield mauled by the giant, with the dents in the shape of balls, and the giant's lands in Mugello. Elke dag wordt er een uitgebreid ontbijtbuffet met warme gerechten geserveerd, waaronder roerei met spek. From the time of Clement's election as pope in 1523 until the sack of Rome, Florence was governed by the young Ippolito de' Medici (future cardinal and vice-chancellor of the Holy Roman Church), Alessandro de' Medici (future duke of Florence), and their guardians. In comparison to the 17th century, the population of Florence declined by 50%, and the population of the grand duchy as a whole declined by an estimated 40%. Despite his influence, his power was not absolute; Florence's legislative councils at times resisted his proposals throughout his life, and he was viewed as first among equals, … Cosimo and Lorenzo de' Medici were notable rulers and patrons of the arts in Florence; the family also provided four popes (including Leo X ) and two queens of France (Catherine de' Medici and Marie de Médicis ). They were generous patrons of the arts who commissioned masterpieces such as Raphael's Transfiguration and Michelangelo's The Last Judgment; however, their reigns coincided with troubles for the Vatican, including Martin Luther's Protestant Reformation and the infamous sack of Rome in 1527. Synonyms for Medici in Free Thesaurus. After securing Alessandro de' Medici's dukedom, Pope Clement VII married off his first cousin, twice removed, Catherine de' Medici, to the son of Emperor Charles V's arch-enemy, King Francis I of France – the future King Henry II. ^ a b Hibbert, p. 60. Geschiedenis en oprichting: In oktober 2017 is de Vereniging Medici van de Antillen, oftewel de Asosiashon Mediko di Antias (AMA) in het leven geroepen. Tenmidden ligt Golden Tulip Hotel De'Medici, op enkele minuten wandelafstand van de grote markt met het beroemde Belfort. At least half, probably more, of Florence's people were employed by the Medici and their foundational branches in business. He is most remembered as the patron of astronomer Galileo Galilei, whose 1610 treatise, Sidereus Nuncius, was dedicated to him. The Florentines grieved her,[50] and she was interred in the crypt that she helped to complete, San Lorenzo. In 1293, the Ordinances of Justice were enacted; effectively, they became the constitution of the Republic of Florence throughout the Italian Renaissance. [15], Three successive generations of the Medici — Cosimo, Piero, and Lorenzo — ruled over Florence through the greater part of the 15th century. Brother of Cardinal Giovanni de' Medici, third son of Lorenzo the Magnificent. Lexico's first Word of the Year! Cosimo the Elder's notable artistic associates were Donatello and Fra Angelico. Dizionario dei Sinonimi e dei Contrari dalla a alla z. a. the Medici – aristocratic Italian family of powerful merchants and bankers who ruled Florence in the 15th century 1. A powerful Italian family of bankers and merchants whose members effectively ruled Florence for much of the 15th century and from 1569 were grand dukes of Tuscany. Eldest son of Cosimo II de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany. [32] In 1657, Leopoldo de' Medici, the Grand Duke's youngest brother, established the Accademia del Cimento, organized to attract scientists to Florence from all over Tuscany for mutual study. Against the opposition of Catherine de' Medici, Paul III and their allies, he prevailed in various battles to conquer Florence's hated rival Siena and found the Grand Duchy of Tuscany. [40] Cosimo desperately tried to reach a settlement with the European powers, but Tuscany's legal status was very complicated: the area of the grand duchy formerly comprising the Republic of Siena was technically a Spanish fief, while the territory of the old Republic of Florence was thought to be under imperial suzerainty. For most of the 13th century, the leading banking center in Italy was Siena. Ferdinando, although no longer a cardinal, exercised much influence at successive conclaves. I go full of hope, praying to God to give me grace to perform what every citizen should at all times be ready to perform for his country. De motivatie voor het oprichten van de vereniging was tweeledig: Brugge, ook wel het Venetië van het Noorden genoemd, omwille van de vele pittoreske kanalen. Tuscany became a province of the United Kingdom of Italy in 1861. Detailed Synonyms for Medici in English. [26] The Grand Duke alone had the prerogative to exploit the state's mineral and salt resources, and the fortunes of the Medici were directly tied to the Tuscan economy.[26]. In France, Marie de' Medici was acting as regent for her son, Louis XIII. They were also protagonists of the counter-reformation, from the beginning of the reformation through the Council of Trent and the French wars of religion. One Salvestro de' Medici was speaker of the woolmakers' guild during the Ciompi revolt of 1378–82, and one Antonio de' Medici was exiled from Florence in 1396. The name in Italian is pronounced with the stress on the first syllable /ˈmɛ .di.tʃi/ and not on the second vowel. Cosimo de' Medici de Oude (Florence, 27 september 1389 - Careggi (Florence), 1 augustus 1464) was een zoon van bankier Giovanni di Bicci en een telg uit het roemruchte geslacht de' Medici.Hij was de eerste van zijn familie die de facto over Florence zou heersen als Heer van Florence [5] In 1532, the family acquired the hereditary title Duke of Florence. Another outstanding figure of the 16th-century Medici family was Cosimo I, who rose from relatively modest beginnings in the Mugello to attain supremacy over the whole of Tuscany. Created by Nicholas Meyer, Frank Spotnitz. The Medici family came from the agricultural Mugello region[6] north of Florence, and they are first mentioned in a document of 1230. The deaths of Alessandro and Ippolito enabled the Medici's "junior" branch to lead Florence. [69], Old coat of arms of the Medici used by Giovanni di Bicci and Cosimo the Elder, The intermediate coat of arms of the Medici, Or, six balls in orle gules, The "augmented coat of arms of the Medici, Or, five balls in orle gules, in chief a larger one of the arms of France (viz. The Ruspanti, Gian Gastone's decrepit entourage, loathed the electress, and she them. Acting, Distant cousin of Alessandro de' Medici, Son of. Clement also convinced Charles V to name Alessandro as Duke of Florence. [22] To strengthen the new Franco-Tuscan alliance, he married his niece, Marie, to Henry IV of France. Indeed, Lorenzo was an artist in his own right and an author of poetry and song; his support of the arts and letters is seen as a high point in Medici patronage. Johann Wilhelm, Elector Palatine, Anna Maria Luisa's spouse, successfully requisitioned the dignity Royal Highness for the Grand Duke and his family in 1691, despite the fact that they had no claim to any kingdom. [49] On 19 February 1743, she died, and the grand ducal line of the House of Medici died with her. Minerva, Mercury and Pluto pay homage to the Electress Anna Maria Luisa de' Medici, The Medieval World – Europe 1100–1350 by Friedrich Heer, 1998 Germany. His conduct at the banquets was less than regal; he often vomited repeatedly into his napkin, belched, and regaled those present with socially inappropriate jokes. As I have had more honour and responsibility among you than any private citizen has had in our day, I am more bound than any other person to serve our country, even at the risk of my life. To ensure the continuance of his family's success, Lorenzo planned his children's future careers for them. Despite his refusal of official approval, the pope nonetheless allowed the plot to proceed without interfering, and, after the failed assassination of Lorenzo, also gave dispensation for crimes done in the service of the church. In 1605, Ferdinando succeeded in getting his candidate, Alessandro de' Medici, elected Pope Leo XI. The conspiracy involved the Pazzi and Salviati families, both rival banking families seeking to end the influence of the Medici, as well as the priest presiding over the church services, the Archbishop of Pisa, and even Pope Sixtus IV to a degree. Cosimo de Medici finds himself at the helm of his banking dynasty when his … Gian Gastone died on 9 July 1737, surrounded by prelates and his sister. In architecture, the Medici were responsible for some notable features of Florence, including the Uffizi Gallery, the Boboli Gardens, the Belvedere, the Medici Chapel and the Palazzo Medici.[53]. Tuscany was overrun with religious orders, not all of whom were obliged to pay taxes. What are synonyms for Medici? From Leo's election as pope in 1513 to his death in 1521, Florence was overseen, in turn, by Giuliano de' Medici, Duke of Nemours, Lorenzo de' Medici, Duke of Urbino, and Giulio de' Medici, the latter of whom became Pope Clement VII. The Medici became leaders of Christendom through their two famous 16th century popes, Leo X and Clement VII. Lorenzo I, bijgenaamd il Magnifico (Florence, 1 januari 1449 – Careggi, 8 april 1492) was een van de beroemdste leden van het geslacht de’ Medici, en heerste over de Florentijnse Republiek tijdens het hoogtepunt van de Italiaanse renaissance.. Levensloop. Although he never held any political office, he gained strong popular support for the family through his support for the introduction of a proportional system of taxation. [7] The origin of the name is uncertain. "Cosimo de Medici e l'amore per le tartarughe con la vela". Ferdinando died in 1609, leaving an affluent realm; his inaction in international affairs, however, would have long-reaching consequences down the line. Pope Leo X would chiefly commission works from Raphael, whereas Pope Clement VII commissioned Michelangelo to paint the altar wall of the Sistine Chapel just before the pontiff's death in 1534. Ferdinando's marriage to Vittoria della Rovere produced two children: Cosimo III de' Medici, Grand Duke of Tuscany, and Francesco Maria de' Medici, Duke of Rovere and Montefeltro. The House of Medici (Italian: [ˈmɛːditʃi] MED-ee-chee) was an Italian banking family and political dynasty that first began to gather prominence under Cosimo de' Medici in the Republic of Florence during the first half of the 15th century. The Medici ruled the Grand Duchy from its inception until 1737, with the death of Gian Gastone de' Medici. The Medici Bank, from when it was created in 1397 to its fall in 1494, was one of the most prosperous and respected institutions in Europe, and the Medici family was considered the wealthiest in Europe for a time. [3] (see Medici family tree). From this base, they acquired political power initially in Florence and later in wider Italy and Europe. [31], Grand Duke Ferdinado was obsessed with new technology, and had a variety of hygrometers, barometers, thermometers, and telescopes installed in the Palazzo Pitti. This has been suggested as a reason for the rise of the Medici family.[13]. The extinction of the main Medici dynasty and the accession in 1737 of Francis Stephen, Duke of Lorraine and husband of Maria Theresa of Austria, led to Tuscany's temporary inclusion in the territories of the Austrian crown. [19], The Pazzi conspiracy of 1478 was an attempt to depose the Medici family by killing Lorenzo with his younger brother Giuliano during Easter services; the assassination attempt ended with the death of Giuliano and an injured Lorenzo. In 1536, Alessandro de' Medici married Charles V's daughter, Margaret of Austria; however, the following year he was assassinated by a resentful cousin, Lorenzino de' Medici. After Lorenzo's death, the puritanical Dominican friar Girolamo Savonarola rose to prominence, warning Florentines against excessive luxury. Op deze manier wordt de warmte en authenticiteit van een natuursteen vloer optimaal toegepast voor de inrichting van moderne villa's of landhuizen Doordat deze vloeren slechts subtiel verouderd zijn, krijgt de pietra dei medici natuursteen vloer een authentieke maar strak-moderne uitstraling. By 1722, the electress was not even acknowledged as heiress, and Cosimo was reduced to spectator at the conferences for Tuscany's future. The following year, on 23 May 1498, Savonarola and two young supporters were burned at the stake in the Piazza della Signoria, the same location as his bonfire. Like other families ruling in Italian signorie, the Medici dominated their city's government, were able to bring Florence under their family's power, and created an environment in which art and humanism flourished. [45] In January 1737, the Spanish troops withdrew from Tuscany, and were replaced by Austrians. Anna Maria Luisa signed the Patto di Famiglia ("family pact") on 31 October 1737. [12] The next year, however, a pro-Medici Signoria (civic government) led by Tommaso Soderini, Oddo Altoviti and Lucca Pitti was elected and Cosimo returned. They were among the earliest businesses to use the general ledger system of accounting through the development of the double-entry bookkeeping system for tracking credits and debits. Toctoc. As an Italian vocabulary word, "medici" means "medical doctors". Their collective regency is known as the Turtici. Sinònims de «medi» en català.Diccionari de sinònims de català en línia. Een man schoot hem te hulp en verdedigde de keizer heldhaftig met zijn schild. Father of, Cousin of Lorenzo II de' Medici, Duke of Urbino, son of. Gian Gastone revelled in upsetting her. However, several extant branches of the House of Medici currently continue to exist, including the Princes of Ottajano, the Medici Tornaquinci,[51] and the Verona Medici Counts of Caprara and Gavardo. This page was last edited on 10 January 2021, at 23:42. Francesco married Johanna of Austria, and with his consort produced Eleonora de' Medici, Duchess of Mantua, and Marie de' Medici, Queen of France and Navarre. Galileo named the four largest moons of Jupiter after four Medici children he tutored, although the names Galileo used are not the names currently used. De kogels van de’ Medici. The Spanish reaction was to construct a citadel on their portion of the island of Elba. Medicin betyder omtrent det samme som Lægekunst.Se alle synonymer nedenfor. Unlike his father, Piero had little interest in the arts. Leo X's fun-loving pontificate bankrupted Vatican coffers and accrued massive debts. Antonyms for Medici. They and other families of Italy inspired the Italian Renaissance, such as the Visconti and Sforza in Milan, the Este in Ferrara, the Borgia in Rome, and the Gonzaga in Mantua. The Habsburgs were deposed in favor of the House of Bourbon-Parma in 1801 (themselves deposed in 1807), but were later restored at the Congress of Vienna. This century-long rule was interrupted only on two occasions (between 1494–1512 and 1527–1530), when anti-Medici factions took control of Florence. He was interred in the Basilica of San Lorenzo, the Medici's necropolis. It's here! He was called "Piero the Gouty" because of the gout that pained his foot and led to his death. Only Great Britain and the Dutch Republic gave any credence to it, and the plan ultimately died with Cosimo III in 1723.[41]. He commanded the draining of the Tuscan marshlands, built a road network in southern Tuscany and cultivated trade in Livorno. He married Maria Maddalena of Austria, with whom he had his eight children, including Margherita de' Medici, Ferdinando II de' Medici, and an Anna de' Medici. [35] At that time, the economy was so decrepit that barter trade became prevalent in rural market places. The Medici controlled the Medici Bank—then Europe's largest bank—and an array of other enterprises in Florence and elsewhere. Despite all of these incentives for economic growth and prosperity, the population of Florence at the dawn of the 17th century was a mere 75,000, far smaller than the other capitals of Italy: Rome, Milan, Venice, Palermo and Naples.
Piazza Del Duomo Lecce, Notre-dame De Paris Incendio, Ex Calciatori Inglesi, Luca Bastoni Spezia, Recita Da Cane, Subsonica - Nuova Ossessione,